Demographic data, trends, and characteristics of the U.S. population.
Net international migration fell in every U.S. state and the District of Columbia between 2024 and 2025, slowing national population growth to 0.5%—the slowest since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although all states still recorded positive net international migration, the broad decline reduced the demographic contribution of immigration across the country.
The U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimates show population growth slowed in a majority of the nation’s 3,143 counties and the District of Columbia between July 2024 and July 2025. Nearly 8 in 10 counties that grew the prior year saw growth slow or reverse, and 310 of 387 metro areas decelerated. Rural America grew for a fifth straight year only because 168,000 net in-migrants offset natural decrease, while about half of rural counties lost population.
The U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimates, released in June 2026, provide the most recent official breakdown of the U.S. population by race and Hispanic origin. Non-Hispanic White Americans remain the largest group, but the nation continues to become more diverse, with Hispanic, Asian, and multiracial populations growing faster than the overall population. State-level patterns vary widely, from predominantly White states in the Northeast and Midwest to majority-minority states such as Hawaii, New Mexico, and California.
New Vintage 2025 Census Bureau estimates show U.S. population growth slowed to 0.5% between July 2024 and July 2025, adding 1.8 million people. A historic decline in net international migration was the main driver, after growth hit 1.0% in 2024. States without positive net domestic migration are especially dependent on international migration to grow.
U.S. population density rose from 26.0 people per square mile in 1910 to 93.8 in 2020, with the fastest growth in the South and West and persistent concentration along the Eastern Seaboard and Pacific Coast. State-level rankings show New Jersey and Rhode Island among the most densely populated states, while Alaska remains the least dense. This article examines decennial census data, state comparisons, and the factors behind a century of spatial change.
The latest U.S. Census Bureau and moving-industry data show Americans continuing to relocate from high-cost coastal states to Sun Belt and Mountain West destinations. North Carolina recorded the largest net domestic migration gain in the Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimates, while California posted the largest net domestic loss. Texas led in total net migration gain according to 2025 moving data, and the California-to-Texas corridor remained the nation’s busiest state-to-state flow.
The U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 population estimates, released in June 2026, provide updated state-level data on race and Hispanic origin from April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2025. These estimates allow analysts to track racial and ethnic diversity across states, building on the 2020 Census diversity index. Hawaii, California, Nevada, and Maryland remain among the most diverse states, while Maine, Vermont, and West Virginia continue to have the lowest diversity levels.
Between 2020 and 2025, the U.S. population grew by more than 10 million people, with nearly three-quarters of that growth concentrated in the South. Idaho led all states with a 10.4% increase, followed by Florida (8.9%) and South Carolina (8.8%). This article breaks down the latest Census Bureau state population estimates, rankings, and the migration and economic forces behind the shifts.
The U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimates show California remains the most populous state with 39,355,309 residents, followed by Texas (31,710,000) and Florida (23,462,518). Wyoming is the least populous state with about 593,000 residents. This article provides a complete ranking, year-over-year changes, and analysis of state population trends from 2020 to 2025.
The U.S. population grew by 1.8 million people, or 0.5%, between July 1, 2024, and July 1, 2025, according to the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2025 estimates. This marks the slowest annual growth since the pandemic-era low of 0.2% in 2021. The slowdown was driven by a historic decline in net international migration, which fell from 2.7 million to 1.3 million.