National and state economic indicators, output, and performance.
The United States’ state economies are among the largest in the world. According to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, California’s GDP reached $4.251 trillion in 2025, followed by Texas at $2.904 trillion and New York at $2.468 trillion. This article ranks all 50 states by GDP, explains how state GDP is calculated, and highlights key trends in economic output, GDP per capita, and real growth.
U.S. real GDP grew 2.1% in 2025, the slowest annual pace since the pandemic contraction in 2020 and down from 2.8% in 2024. Early 2026 data show a rebound, with year-over-year growth of 2.7% in the first quarter. This article examines annual growth rates, the difference between nominal and real GDP, and the key factors behind recent trends.
Nominal GDP measures the value of all final goods and services produced in a country at current market prices, while real GDP adjusts that value for inflation to reflect actual changes in output. The GDP deflator is the key tool that links the two measures. Understanding the difference is essential for interpreting whether economic growth represents real expansion or simply rising prices.
In 2025, the District of Columbia had the highest GDP per capita among U.S. states and territories at $274,286, while Mississippi ranked last at $56,100. The national average across 51 states was $88,400, with a median of $81,600. These figures reflect wide regional disparities in economic output per person.
California is the largest state economy in the United States, with a nominal gross domestic product of about $4.1 trillion in 2025. If California were an independent country, it would rank as the world’s fourth-largest economy, behind only the United States, China, and Germany. Texas, New York, and Florida follow as the next-largest state economies, each producing more than $1 trillion in GDP.
U.S. nominal gross domestic product reached $30.76 trillion in 2025, up 5.0 percent from $29.30 trillion in 2024, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. The annual series shows steady growth since the 2020 pandemic dip, with the largest recent jump in 2021. This article summarizes the latest official GDP figures, historical trends, and what the numbers mean.
The U.S. gross domestic product (GDP) reached $31.866 trillion in current dollars in the first quarter of 2026, according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Real GDP grew at an annual rate of 1.5 percent in the second quarter of 2026, following 2.1 percent growth in the first quarter. This article explains how GDP is measured, what is driving recent changes, and why the figure matters.
In June 2026, the U.S. unemployment rate held at 4.2 percent, with rates lower in 8 states, higher in 2, and stable in 40 states and the District of Columbia. Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Arizona, and Minnesota recorded the largest year-over-year increases, while California, Indiana, Iowa, and Alaska saw declines. This article examines the latest Bureau of Labor Statistics state employment and unemployment data, including rankings, 12-month changes, and the number of unemployed by state.
California, Texas, New York, and Florida lead the nation in gross domestic product, with California alone producing more than $4.2 trillion in economic output in 2025. This article ranks all 50 states by GDP, explains how state GDP is calculated, and compares state economies to countries.
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the broadest measure of U.S. economic activity, capturing the total value of final goods and services produced within the country. Its growth rate, along with employment and unemployment data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, provides a comprehensive picture of economic health. This article explains how GDP is calculated, the difference between nominal and real GDP, and why these indicators matter for policymakers, businesses, and households.